READ THE TEXT THEN CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORDS OR PHRASES.
1.Risk assessment
Risk assessment is a relatively simple task and is a careful of (essential/irrelevant/potential ) hazards during onboard activities. During this examination precautions already in place can be identified and decisions made as to whether additional precautions may be (hired/raised/required).
The aim is to prevent or at least (downsize/maximize/minimize) the chances of accidents or incidents on board. Assessments are required for (all /every/everyone) critical operations on board.
An operation which may be (compared/considered/contrasted) as “routine” with minimal rick in normal conditions may present a higher rick where conditions change, for example bad weather or machinery failure.
Day to day operations are to be (excluded/included/prohibited) as well as all other critical operations including unusual or infrequent tasks.
2. During serious incidents many (news journalists/ telephone calls/ visitors ) may be made to the ship. The Master must (clearly identify/ give all details to/ introduce himself to) the caller before passing on any information (emergency parties/ new crew members/ unauthorized callers) must be referred to the Company for information.
(The Coast Guard representatives/ the media/ the ship chandler) in particular will persist in trying to obtain as much information as possible. Only the Master must speak to them.
Information passed must only be the minimum necessary and is to be factual. Information, which is found to be (accurate/ misleading/ truthful), can be very damaging to the management of the incident.
The Master must ensure that no other Officer or crewman speaks to the media. At no time must anyone (comment on/ damage/ witness) the cause of the incident.
3.Enclosed space entry case study-failure to follow procedure
A third officer onboard a chemical tanker was (discovered/discovering/discovery) unconscious in a partially inerted cargo tank while the vessel was alongside.
The onboard emergency response team quickly arrived (for/in/on) the scene and carried out a tank rescue.
The third officer was taken (by/in/on) helicopter to a local hospital. He died several days later.
The cause of death was (as a result/because/due) to nitrogen gas exposure. The third officer had been checking the oxygen level in the tank (at/in/on) preparation for loading a cargo of propyleneoxide.
It is estimated that the atmosphere in the tank contained approximately 10% oxygen (at/in/on) the time of the accident.
Spontaneous combustion can occur when packed cargoes such as coal, hemp, copra and grain are carried, especially if these have been (inspected/ loaded in damp conditions/ secured properly ).
In the centre of these cargoes there is (a lot of space/ not much light/ very little ventilation ) to supply a cooling effect and the natural heat generated can rise to such a degree that it causes (combustion/ freezing/ jamming) of the material. Due to (bad weather conditions/ procedures/ the restriction of oxygen supply ) this will just smoulder for a considerable time until part of the cargo is removed. Then by admitting additional air, the cargo (becomes wet/ could burst into flames/ is shifted)
Stowage of engine room stores is important since materials such as cleaning rags, cotton waste, sawdust can all cause (alarm/ spontaneous combustion/ toxic chemicals) especially if they are stored next to the various chemicals carried on board ships.
(ENCLOSED SPACE ENTRY) without any ventilation, oxygen deficient, through reduce of regular use, with appropriate warnings, an enclosed space, stand-by.
(GARBAGE DISPOSAL) garbage, to be adapted, full instruction, to be reviewed regularly, discharged, to be readily available.
(OIL SPILL) Spillages of bunker oil, all necessary precaution are taken, any escape of oil, oil spill removal equipment, portable pumps, in a convenient storeroom.
(SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION) loaded in damp conditions, very little ventilation, combustion,the restriction of oxygen supply, could burst into flames, spontaneous combustion.
(LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES) escape from vessel in distress, launched, maintain the life boat falls and davits, be properly adjusted regularly maintained, a malfunction of the release equipment, training
(MOBILE PHONES AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT)
shipboard electronics malfunctioning, sensitive equipment, interference, restriction on the use of portable phones, during manoeuvring, cargo operation.
(WORK ON ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT) prior to, permit to work, injury or death, flammable vapours, to isolate, to follow
